Walmart Analysis

Company Information Sam Walton opened their first Walter store since July 2, 1962. â€Å"People think we got big by putting big stores In small towns. Really, we got big by replacing Inventory with information. † They opened their first store In Rogers, Arkansas. By 1967 they owned 24 stores and bringing In $12. 7 million In sales. By 1970 Walter went national. They also became a publicly trading company. In sass's the first Cam's Club opened and the first Walter Superstructure opened as well. It combines a supermarket and general merchandise all in one place.In sass's, Walter was named America's Top Retailer. They also opened their first Cam's Club in Mexico City in 1991. Sam Walton passed away in 1992 at age 74. By that time, Walter employed 371,000 associates In 1,928 stores and clubs. In 1993, they hit their first $1 million mark in sales. Between 1994 and 1998, Walter opened stores in China, United Kingdom, and bought Wolcott 122 stores in Canada. (www. Walter. Com) By 20 14, Walter employs 2. 2 associates at more than 1 1 ,OHO stores worldwide. At this time it serves over 200 million customers.Walter's earnings per share Increased 10. 6 % to $5. 02. They had an Dalton of $22 billion In net sales, and they are now a $466 billion company. They SOOT Strengths Wide range of products International operations Cost leadership strategy Weaknesses Labor related lawsuits High employee turnover Negative publicity Opportunities Trends towards healthy eating Retail market growth Online shopping growth Threats Resistance from communities Rising prices Gap Analysis Walter has had to face several labor related lawsuits every year. They cost the company millions of dollars.The company is criticized for poor work conditions, low ages, unpaid overtime work and female discrimination. It also suffers from high employee turnover. It Increases the company's cost because they have to do a lot of training of new employees. I think the reason for the high turnover is because they have low skilled and poorly paid Jobs. These two gaps are best filled by training needs. I think management needs a better training assessment for their employees. Walter does have a lot of stores order to keep employees, I think they need a better training program.

Living in a dynamic earth Essay

Evolving from ape-man society to the advanced civilization nowadays, people start to inhabit in artificial concrete jungle and live far away from the given natural environment. With social progression and economic benefits, peoples’ crave for natural resources keeps escalating from time to time. People have a great tendency to consume resources yet ignore the long-term  behavioral consequences that are destined to cycle back eventually. The significance of sustainability is mostly overlooked. The book ‘Human Science and Human History 101’ considers the planet and human as a whole system and tells the story in an informational scientific way. The book contains four main topics. Firstly introduce the formation history of the Earth and facts about different parts and components of the Earth to provide readers a solid concept and basis of the planet. Afterwards, it gradually explores the fact that human generation development and evolution are greatly determined by the changes on the Earth, for instance, the uncontrollable natural catastrophe-volcano eruption. Hence it evaluates the resulting impacts and relationships between human development and the Earth as a circulating ecosystem. The first chapter starts with the exploration of the history and facts of atmosphere, oceans and rivers. An introduction of the atmosphere composition and certain scenarios of greenhouse effect and ozone depletion spark off the chapter. The sun gives life to the Earth. It provides a primary energy source to the Earth. Solar energy of the sun breeds and sustains the living things. Temperature on the Earth simply controls climates and determines changes on the living environment and consequently triggers alterations in human behaviors, which creates human history through centuries. This chapter specifically links the variation of solar radiation to the changes on surface of the Earth and history of mankind. The aforementioned changes in solar radiation are explained by long-term cycles. (Chapter 1, P.5) With obtaining the trapped gas of carbon dioxide in ice to determine the information about the changes in atmospheric temperature, in which a 100,000 years of slow cooling in glacial pe riods and 20,000 years of rapid warming in interglacial periods can be investigated. Climate changes create different periods and with the start and end of different periods generate distant consequences hence affect and shift living of human. From the long history of 1,5000 years ago, increasing temperature leaded to the melting of water and terminated the last Ice Age. With the end of last Ice Age, three main consequences – topographic effects of deglaciation, peopling effect of the Americas and the possibility of the occurrence of biblical flood in the Black Sea occur. (Chapter 1, P.15) These three effects further mold the  surface of the Earth with the junctions of rivers, separation of the Earth continents and expansion of sea area. Firstly, ‘topographic effects of deglaciation’ discusses the physical evidence of glaciation on land and rapid sea level rise. The melting of ice uncovered the land and exposed much of the topography of North America and northern Europe. Secondly, ‘peopling of the Americas’ confers the idea of very different evolution patterns between South and North Americas using examples of primates, hominins and Homo sapiens. The circumstance was leaded by the isolation of North America by the opening of the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. Thirdly, ‘Flooding of the Black Sea’ tells that the Black sea was once isolated, and by connecting the Black Sea with other world’s ocean by melting ice, the busiest waterway in the world that affects people’s transportation routes and preferences is created. Then from the shorter history of past 2000 years, the time is divided into five periods with obvious evidence of the influence of climates to human behavior and history. (Chapter 1, P.17) For example, in the Little Ice Age, a decrease in food production and rise in food prices due to a cold climate spurred the emigration of people and eventually the high food process leaded the French Revolution. It is evident that although it seems irrelevant, when viewing the human history and climates together, we can find huge and direct relationship that can by no means be overlooked. Climate changes human behaviors and builds history. After explaining the linkage between climate and human activities, global warming is discussed as a non-stop phenomenon that keeps influencing us. After showing evidence of global warming, it is, however, stated that the rapid increases of the amount of greenhouse gases is mainly caused by human activity and social progression. For instance, in the 1700s, the industrial revolution started up the human economic production fuelled by coal; after that, the development of car (an industrial production) speeded up the utilization of oil especially in developed countries. Volcanoes, oceans and rivers activities and influences are explored to end the chapter. (Chapter 1, P.25) This chapter provides history of the Earth and human, which explains the rational behind climates and human activities and further notice us the possibility of influences to us in the future. After the comprehensive explanation of the relationship of solar radiation to  the atmospheric elements, formation of the Earth surface and eventually links to human development, chapter two proceeds to description of the solid tectonic parts and its tectonic processes, then explores its influence and relationship to human kind. ‘Tectonics’ is the deformation of the earth’s surface. In the beginning chapter two provides basic information of the structure and composition of the Earth and the principle of ‘Isostasy’. (Chapter 2, P.53) From the center of the Earth, it consisted of a core, a mantle and a crust. With the heat constantly generates from the interior of the Earth, the crust is at the same time in motion. These affects the crust which is the surface of the Earth where human habitat and creates a series of tectonic processes that we human being considered as catastrophes. ‘Isostasy’ is then referred to the concept that all elevat ion son the Earth are determined and controlled by the thickness and density of the underlying crust and known as ‘Equal standing’. Following is the discussion of the Plate tectonics, which foremost explains the heat generates from the Earth by radioactive decay and this source is strong enough to prevent shrinking and to drive tectonic processes. The chapter further remarks on the structures and processes of the movement of rocks using the concepts of continental drift, hot spot, and plates. (Chapter 2, P.61) After all the fundamental information then comes to the influences of tectonic processes include Volcanism, Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Living in rifts and Living on small islands. The above five processes are discussed from its formation reasons to its impacts on humans habitat and explains with examples of the according changes in mankind behaviors and history. Firstly, in volcanoes eruption, molten rocks known as ‘magma’ is introduced and categorized into ‘intrusive rock’ and ‘extrusive rocks’. (Chapter 2, P.67) Three historically important eruptions are described. The v iolent explosion of Santorini in 1640 B.C. which has a great possibility of leading to the remarkable replacement of Minoan civilization by the Mycenaeans. The other two are explosion of glowing cloud, one is from the Mount Vesuvius and the other is the Mount Pelee. In the later eruption, a glowing cloud around 500 meters high crashed in St.Pierre which burned and covered the whole town and killed approximately 25,000 people. Secondly, earthquakes occur when faults slip in a sudden. The highest magnitude of earthquake that is ever measured is 9.5 in Chile on 22th of May in 1960. Possible influences of earthquakes are  discussed by examples at Mayan Quirigua, Israeli site of Armagedon and San Francisco. Earthquakes can be as severe as to destruct all of the existing civilization in Maya empire. However, human can also learn from time to time to protect ourselves by obtaining knowledge of building in earthquake-prone areas. (Chapter 2, P.73) Thirdly, tsunami is a gigantic system of waves in ocean basins that is resulted from sudden displacement of ocean surfaces. Mostly, tsunami is a consequence of underwater earthquakes and the examples of Indian Ocean and La Palma are then illustrated. In the significant tsunami of Indian Ocean, more than 200,000 deaths were caused directly and long-term social facilities and industries destructions, for instances, buildings, roads and tourism industry, were created. Fourthly, people living in rifts because those low valleys contain a great amount of resources in terms of water, food and fertile soils for living. Examples of East African rift system and Hawaii are mentioned to further illustrate the abundant resources in rift valleys. (Chapter 2, P.83) Last, the chapter ends with describing people living on thousands of small islands like Hawaii and Midway which are almost isolated from the rest of the world geographically but play significant role of intermediate stops of air route. With the basis of the atmospheric element and tectonic planet surface mentioned in the first two chapters, chapter three continues with the introduction of the origin of human and continents. The controversy of emergence of human kind from creationism or evolution is evaluated and the origin of existing continents is discussed with evidence. Generally, creationism represents the belief that creatures are created by Genesis 1 in the 6-day period when God made the Earth. Creationists think the concept of evolution can be compatible with creations in the biblical stories. Every living thing in the world are made by God separately and every word in the Bible is undoubtedly true. (Chapter 3, P.90) While theory of evolution tells the existing creatures are evolved from ancient living things in the process of natural selection. Evolutionist rejects supreme beings and thinks that living objects in the universe all undergoes physical processes of changing. French anatomist George Cuvier propo sed the idea that the Earth had undergone several times of huge extinction and recreation of new organisms throughout times. If the existing organisms are capable of adapting to their  environment, it survives; if it does not, it simply varies or perishes. With the continuous variation of creatures to adapt to the environment and prevent from dying produces the form of existing creatures nowadays. The controversy of creationism and evolution continued seriously through the 20th century. The trial of John Scopes in Dayton in 1925 is mentioned to show the deep-rooted conflicts. (Chapter 3, P.94) The sequence of events that influenced the Earth is also discussed with the method of ‘law of superposition’ to distinguish the age of substances. Such method can to certain extent prove the history of supercontinents. Continents preserve long history of the Earth and the discussion of continents is separated into two parts of continents formation and history of supercontinents. Two of the supercontinents are Gondwana and Pangea. Finding similar fossil in different countries or areas proved they might once be a whole complete landmass. (Chapter 3, P.111) Concerning Gondwana as an example, similar fossils are found in Australia, India, South Africa and South America. Also, glaciation evidence is found in the above areas to show its unity in the past. Finishing all the discussion of the formation and development of the Earth and human kind, the last chapter reveals the relationship between the Earth resources, human needs, behaviors and the environment influences and sustainability. ‘Sustainability’ means human’s patterns of living and working which are able to continue for the foreseeable future of humankind and, not causing series destruction or damage to any member or component in the ecosystem. (Chapter 4, P.120) This chapter breaks up the energy resources consumption and environmental consequences into five aspects of introduction to energy resources, mineral and rock resources, food resources, fresh water resources and wireless communication and the Internet. In the category of energy resources, information about world energy information is first given. It is shown that energy consumption of United States is increasing from year to year. Also, the United State that possesses 5 percent of worlds population, consumes 25 percent of world energy production. While poor countries only consume low rate of energy. An unbalance energy use is to a large extent shown. (Chapter 4, P.123) Then energy resources formation, production and consumption and history of use of different resources are described regarding fossil fuel, nuclear energy,  renewable resources and rock and mineral resources. To the aspect of food resources, nutritional requirements are discussed with a comparison and contrast of the calories consumption of industrialized countries and poor countries. Origin and characteristics of different sources of food for example Beans, wheat and fruit are mentioned afterwards. (Chapter 4, P.150) Thomas Robert Malthus produced an essay in 1798 introducing the tendency of population increasing exponentially which presented the scenario that world population kept escalating. Yet, while population increases the world is still not capable of feeding everybody although there are plenty of food. Food distribution is not even. This situation supports the doctrine of ‘survival of the fittest’, similar to the idea of natural selection in extinction and evolution. (Chapter 4, P.154) A development of silk road and distant modern communication internet and methods are then mentioned. From the further transportation of horse riding to steam engines, from land transport to ocean transport, there was a great advance in human society connection. Also with the invention and breakthrough of communication gadgets time to time, from electricity generators to telephone and to radio, information can be disseminate much easier. (Chapter 4, P.157) It is, however, worth to meditate that how those technology can be correctly used to benefit human beings. To sum up, by providing scientific information and evidence of the formation and changes of the Earth and human kind, this book tells the story between the Earth and people. While human civilization proceeds and enters the era of rapid economic activities, energy consumption keeps escalating for the productivity and need of human. It is, yet, remarkable that all of the energy sources create certain amount of problems to the Earth and environment. As a closed ecosystem, addressing sustainability is of utmost significant to human beings future life. At the end gives audience the message of its correlationship in order to highlight the importance of obtaining sustainability to human and our habitat, the Earth. Reference list: Rogers, J. W. & Tucker, T. (2008). _Earth Science and Human History 101._United States of America: Greenwood Press.

Casey Anthony

Courtroom trials are very interesting to me and I really enjoyed clerking for judges and being able to watch everything from beginning to end. The case I have chosen is a jury trial and that jury ends up being seven women and five men. The criminal laws that were violated were many starting with Child Neglect, making false official statements and obstructing an investigation. Forging checks, fraudulent use of identification and petty theft, first degree murder, aggravated child abuse aggravated manslaughter and four counts of lying to law enforcement. Heading the prosecution was the District Attorney of Orange County Florida with several of the Assistant District Attorney’s. The defense has Jose Baez and what they were calling a ‘team’ of defense counsel, which actually ended up only being 3. Judge Belvin Perry was on the bench and all of the witnesses that were on both the states list of witnesses to call but the defense as well. The outcome of this trial rocked the nation as the verdict was read live which were Not Guilty of Aggravated Murder, Aggravated Child Abuse and Aggravated Manslaughter. The defendant was found guilty on 4 counts of the forgery of checks and was credited for time served, then released from jail. Casey Anthony made national news for several days and remained the top story. She had been charged and arrested with murdering her two year old daughter, Caylee Anthony. Casey denied ever knowing anything to the police of her whereabouts and told law enforcement that her nanny had taken Caylee by force and she had been looking for her in different avenues, to supposedly protect the child. Also stating she should have contacted police sooner than 31 days prior, but she was in fear for her daughter’s life was the story she stuck to. After being jailed and held without bond pictures of the young mother were posted all over My Space portraying Casey Anthony as nothing but a party girl. It wasnt until the actual trial started and the story took a huge flip and George Anthony who is Caseys father and grandfather of little Caylee, was being accused of sexually molesting his daughter since she was 8 years old and covering up the truth about the whereabouts of the two year old. Since Casey had been a child, she had been taught to cover up and lie about certain situations if it was going to cause embarrassment to the family. It was George who had found the lifeless body of Caylee Anthony, lying face down in their pool and the cover-up began. George Anthony did not want it to get out that the family was irresponsible and left the ladder out to get into the pool. Which the story reads, little Caylee climbed up that ladder and got in the pool herself, due to no supervision and drowned. Skeletal remains of a small child were found 3 months later within a mile of the Anthony home. The body had been discarded like a piece of trash, and her remains had been duct taped in a black garbage bag and tossed into the woods. It became media frenzy and, Orlando, Florida became the busiest it had ever been since the child had gone missing. It was in fact the remains of Caylee Anthony and to this day, the young mother sticks to her story and accuses her own father of covering the death of her child up and forced Casey to go along with it. She had been taught to obey her father and did not want to go against his strictness and allowed George Anthony to dispose of the body. The trial that began on May 24, 2011 went to the jury on July 3rd 2011. Deliberations were suspended over the 4th of July holiday and resumed July 5th. During its deliberations, the jurors did not ask to review any of the 400 exhibits, request any clarifications of the law or ask for any of the trial testimony to be read back. After deliberating for 10 hours and 40 minutes, the foreperson informed the court that the jury had reached a unanimous verdict that afternoon. More often than not when a jury returns a verdict that quickly and without asking for any type of assistance from the court, it bodes ill for the defendant. This jury, however, was about to prove the old maxim that juries are unpredictable despite what all the talking heads predicted it would conclude. The jury found her not guilty of murder, aggravated child abuse and manslaughter. She was however, convicted of four counts of lying to police officers. Judge Perry sentenced Casey to one year in jail and $1,000. 00 in fines for each of the providing false information counts. She was released from jail on July 17, 2011due to time already served. While Casey had been acquitted in her daughter’s death, Casey’s problems were not at an end. The defamation suit of Zenaida Gonzalez who Casey accused of kidnapping her daughter (one of the false statements) is seeking both compensatory and punitive damages. Gonzalez states she lost her job as a result of Casey’s allegations which led to the loss of her apartment by eviction and she and her 6 children continue to be harassed and threatened. (Kumar) It has changed how society works today by taking more child missing stories more serious and not to the facts of the case, but the simple fact that the 12 person jury could not convict her due to lack of evidence. The State of Florida had not proved their case and she was walking free except with a few misdemeanor charges of lying to law enforcement. How could this have happened, with all the circumstantial evidence of her guilt was obvious, the jury stood by the law? The evidence did not prove that Casey had been involved at all without finding any DNA or any other minute evidence. At almost the end of the trial, Casey asked to be evaluated by Psychologist and Psychiatrist to see if she was mentally capable to continue with the trial. She was found competent and the trial continued til the end finding her not guilty. All of America disagreed with the verdict except the defendant and the defense counsel and still held her responsible for her daughters death. Society even went to the extreme as to calling the jury idiots I believe Casey Anthony led a not so great life, but was also a spoiled brat who always got her way. So with the news that she was walking free didnt surprise me, as I couldn’t see any physical evidence either. Sad but true, she is out living her life without her daughter and it does not seem to bother her a bit. Casey is in hiding though as of today and knows there are people out there who hate her. She has started to learn and recognize her lies and what they did to people, and has told friends she has a lot of regards. Other sources say she plans to receive psychological counseling. She is young and optimistic and realizes she can’t change the past but she can move forward.

HUMAN RIGHTS LAW Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

HUMAN RIGHTS LAW - Assignment Example A council of Europe, which was then newly formed, drafted it in 1950 but it was enacted in 1953. The European Court of Human Rights was established by this convention so that any person who felt their rights were violated could take the matter to that court. The States that were bound to violate the rights were executed (Barstow 2010). The establishment of such a court for individuals’ protection from violations of human rights is a feature of innovation for a convention on human rights that is international. It offers an international active role for an individual. Internationally, the European convention is ranked first in the provision of a high degree of protection to individuals. This is implemented by active and full partnership with international organisations, civil society, and member states of the European Union, partner countries and regional organisations (Weissbrodt & De La Vega 2007). From a historical perspective, the establishment of a Human Rights protection regional system across Europe was seen as a response to two concerns. The first concern was in the second world war aftermath, where the convention drew inspiration from Universal Declaration of Human Rights to be part and parcel of the broader response of Allied powers to deliver agendas on human rights, through which a notion was tabled that serious violations of human rights were rampant in the second world war and could be prevented in the future. The second concern was that, the convention in Europe was an opportunity and a response towards the growth and development of Eastern Europe Communism and. It was in the concern to grant protection to the members of state of the European Council from subversion of the communist. The democratic societies within the convention have the necessary principles and values as required of them even though such principles

Teaching in the Lifelong Learning Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Teaching in the Lifelong Learning - Dissertation Example With the increasing internet usage, these individuals become left out due to lack of the necessary equipment and sufficient knowledge to engage in social media chats. The assessment requirements for the program include a diagnostic assessment aimed at establishing the students’ requirements, a formative assessment aimed at ensuring skill acquisition, and a summative assessment occurring at the end of the program to establish the achievements of the entire program. The various assessments all occur during the program, and ensure that the necessary corrections are included within the program for improvement. The purpose of the assessment is to collect sufficient information to enable the teacher to understand the requirements of the different students. The mental health challenges facing the individuals I teach present them with special educational requirements to understand the content of the various learning programs. An initial assessment is, therefore, fundamental in enablin g teachers to understand the students’ requirements, and to help them develop teaching programs seeking to satisfy these requirements (McMillan, 2009). A diagnostic assessment performed at the beginning of the program determines where the student shall be placed at beginning of the program. As individuals having impairment in cognitive skills, diagnostic assessment enables teachers to determine the beginning level for the various students. This occurs through providing questionnaires to the students at the beginning of the program to assess their cognitive capacity. The students are then placed according to the different cognitive capacities displayed. Principles of assessment The principles of assessment are inclusive of many elements aimed at providing overall efficiency in establishing the outcome of an educational learning program. These principles consider many elements of the students, and their skills as well (Gravells, 2011). The principles seek to offer sufficient ca pacity and opportunities for students to learn through assessment. By understanding the students’ capability, students are challenged to pursue what they do not understand, consequently, increasing their capability to learn. When I will be designing the assessment, I will have to consider the following principles: I will have to consider the relevance, reliability, Validity, practicability and manageability of the assessment criteria (McMillan, 2009). Validity of the assessments ensures that the tasks and criteria of the assessments measure the ability of the students to attain the learning objectives at a suitable level. For example, I may not use an assessment criterion that has extreme expectations from students. The principles have to be reliable for the students and the teacher too. This means that there ought to be a consistency in achievement of the objectives amongst students. The assessment criteria have to be transparent and clear. For example, the criteria have to be straight to the point without bringing confusion. They also have to be relevant to the objective and manageable (McMillan, 2009). Formative Assessment Formative assessment refers to the assessment conducted throughout the program, with an aim of establishing students’ progress and attainment during learning. This usually involves qualitative feedback for both

To investig_te the process of decision m_king th_t le_ds to the Dissertation

To investig_te the process of decision m_king th_t le_ds to the perform_nce of _ project in _n org_nis_tion - Dissertation Example I am also grateful towards my University and my Department, the administrators, faculty members and fellow students for their support throughout this study. DECLARATION I, (Nana), would like to declare that all contents included in this thesis/dissertation stand for my individual work without any aid, & this thesis/dissertation has not been submitted for any examination at academic as well as professional level previously. It is also representing my very own views & not essentially which are associated with university. Signature: Date: 2nd April 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT II DECLARATION III CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 15 2.8.1. Technology-Use Ð °nd Decision-MÐ °king Processes 27 2.8.2. Decision-MÐ °king Process Ð °nd TeÐ °m PerformÐ °nce 28 2.10.1. Environmental FÐ °ctors 31 2.10.2. InternÐ °l FÐ °ctors 32 2.10.3. Decision ApproÐ °ch 32 3.3. Research Method and Appropriateness 44 3.10 Research Instrument 53 3.11 Ethical Considerations 54 Chapter Four: Results and Analysis 57 4.1. Results 57 4.1.1. Conclusion 61 4.2. Analysis 62 4.3. Conclusion 66 References 67 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1. Overview HistoricÐ °lly, the trÐ °ditionÐ °l view of the strÐ °tegic mÐ °nÐ °gement process, specificÐ °lly strÐ °tegic decision mÐ °king hÐ °s been entrusted solely to the orgÐ °nizÐ °tion's top mÐ °nÐ °gement teÐ °m (TMT) (HÐ °tten & RosenthÐ °l, 2002, pp. ... 112-132). Pech Ð °nd Durden (2004) Ð °rgued thÐ °t "mÐ °ny orgÐ °nizÐ °tions fÐ °il becÐ °use of weÐ °knesses in the decision processes of their leÐ °ders" (p. 66). Pound Ð °rgued thÐ °t "most performÐ °nce crises Ð °re not becÐ °use of incompetence or wÐ °ywÐ °rd mÐ °nÐ °gers, but becÐ °use of fÐ °ilure of judgment" (CrossÐ °n, Fry, & Killing, 2005, p. 121) believing thÐ °t strÐ °tegic thinking is needed throughout the orgÐ °nizÐ °tion, not just Ð °t the top. As Ð ° result, there hÐ °s been Ð ° shift within strÐ °tegic mÐ °nÐ °gement in terms of strÐ °tegic decision mÐ °king, where the trÐ °ditionÐ °l decision-mÐ °king pÐ °rÐ °digm hÐ °s undergone Ð ° trÐ °nsformÐ °tion. In this sense, strÐ °tegic decision mÐ °king is Ð ° subset of the overÐ °ll strÐ °tegic mÐ °nÐ °gement process itself of which leÐ °dership is of pÐ °rÐ °mount importÐ °nce. While pÐ °rt of the sÐ °me whole, there Ð °re subtle distinctions thÐ °t will be dis cussed moving forwÐ °rd Ð °s it specificÐ °lly relÐ °tes to strÐ °tegic decision mÐ °king. Business Ð °nd corporÐ °te leÐ °dership now embrÐ °ces the concept of inclusivessness Ð °s put forth by Floyd Ð °nd Wooldridge (1997). The new Ð °ge of the knowledge worker hÐ °s emerged where Ð °ll knowledge is importÐ °nt Ð °nd of strÐ °tegic vÐ °lue to the orgÐ °nizÐ °tion's leÐ °dership (KÐ °ufmÐ °n, 2003, pp. 325-336; Holt, Self, ThÐ °l, & Lo, 2003, pp. 546-549; RÐ °elin, 2004, pp. 89-94 ; Peters, 2005, pp. 106-109). Involvement of Ð °dditionÐ °l employees needs to be included in the strÐ °tegic decision-mÐ °king process to include this knowledge, regÐ °rdless of where the knowledge comes from or who possesses it, in order for Ð °n orgÐ °nizÐ °tion to sustÐ °in competitive Ð °dvÐ °ntÐ °ge in the globÐ °l

Dissent & altruism are a matter of personal conviction, but Essay

Dissent & altruism are a matter of personal conviction, but situational factors are involved also. Analyze five (5) situational - Essay Example However, conformity gives us a basis to make decisions, yet it may lead to bad decisions if information is withheld to challenge the consensus. Dissent is a sentiment or a philosophy of non-agreement or opposition to a prevailing idea. It is important for a healthy society not only to protect the interests of individuals but also to encourage dissent. This beats dogmas or pragmatism and brings a fresh change to the overall environment. It is easier for people to abide by prevailing customs and phenomena; even if they are out-dated or cliched and regressive for society. However, it is in the power of a few individuals to dissent from the existing customs and bring about a positive social change in society. The changing dynamics in workplace and private and public circles constantly raise such issues that need to be handled with altruism and dissent- though peer pressure and dogmas dictate our thinking and thus our actions. Following are a few situations that have called for altruism a nd dissent and the way people responded to it. 1.

What would you consider to be distinctive features of US approaches to Essay

What would you consider to be distinctive features of US approaches to HRM, and what extent do you think these would be exportable to the rest of the world - Essay Example al nuisance, more so when the economy is not that encouraging boosting trade ties between stakeholders, different organizations and so on and so forth. The corporate strategy plays a significant role at building a bridge between the company’s inner policies and the undertakings it has with the various stakeholders, who could be from the human resources management settings. (Korzeniowski, 2001) Human resources management in a developing country like India is much different than it is in a developed nation – United States for example. The differences arise in the way works are done as well as the manner in which people are held accountable and answerable for their respective tasks and job natures. Conducting business within USA is also different because it has a distinct culture of its own. Its people speak different languages, adapt to a number of traditions and have family make-ups of a completely distinct proposition. (Enright, 2000) Human resources management in different venues of the world is a difficult yet interesting proposition. What might be hailed as a suitable entity in one location could be judged as a sheer loser in another country or business marketplace for that matter. Thus human resources management takes care of the social and cultural concepts of the place. Thus it is pertinent to note that different business markets of the world have differences in them nonetheless. A developing country has a developing market and the business which is widespread in its environs is something that has just started or remained within the realms of its exploration. On the other hand, a developed business environment – that of the US for instance, sustains growth and the profitability from the business standpoint is a part and parcel thing. Misunderstandings are an understood notion in a society such as of USA where people adhered to an agreed and applied culture but did not actually know the facets of the followed traditions and the cultural history. It was

Developing service Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Developing service - Assignment Example Focusing on this aspect, the report describes about how the various features of services can have an impact on the design and delivery of the proposed services. Besides, the report also analyses the proposed services on the basis of different service models and extended marketing mix strategies. The objective is thereby to understand that various aspects which needs to be considered in designing and developing the services at Derby Museum. How Would the Features of Services Affect the Design and Delivery of the Service and What Could Managers Do to Limit the Effects of These? The services provided by organisations are diverse in nature. They can determine the performance of organisations. However, designing and delivering of services relies on the features of services provided by an organisation (Pride & Ferrell, 2012). Since services are not physical, they are termed as intangible. Services cannot be touched and hence evaluating the quality of services becomes quite challenging to b e measured. The other feature of services is its perishable nature. It denotes that unlike goods, services cannot be warehoused for future purposes. Therefore, this feature of services can also be observed to have a deep impact on the overall performance of organisation. To be precise, as services are not perishable, it is hard for organisations to balance its supply and demand. Variability is the other vital feature of services (Wild, 2007). It is also known by heterogeneity which denotes that services provided by organisations are dependent on great variability being delivered by individual entities. The behaviour of people is quite challenging to control as it has been observed to fluctuate on a regular basis. Aspects such as work pressure, experience, knowledge and skills among other factors can further lead to variability of the services. Inseparability is the fourth feature of services. The creation of services is often observed as related with the consumption, unlike products and goods where production and consumptions occur at separate instances (Wild, 2007). As a result, in order to make intangible services more tangible for the customers, managers need to determine the way for effective service deliveries which can help to create a high degree of confidence among customers about the value of services. The tangibility of services arrives from profound personal interactions, clear communications and physical atmospheres where the business operates. Hence, maintaining a positive customer relationship, setting proper potentials and representing the organisation in acceptable manner by appropriate advent, approach and facilities can enhance the service quality for the proposed services of Derby museum (Fisk et al., 2008). Besides, managers of Derby museum can enhance customer satisfaction facilitating the involvement of consumers in the service delivery procedure. Regular communication with customers and frequent meetings can further help to establish ass urance towards providing quality assured and customer convenient services. In order to enhance customer satisfaction towards the offered services, the managers of Derby museum can focus on recognising the degree of personalisation required

Nature of Communities Essay Example for Free

Nature of Communities Essay At the beginning of the 20th century there was much debate about the nature of communities. The driving question was whether the community was a self-organized system of co-occurring species or simply a haphazard collection of populations with minimal functional integration (Verhoef, 2010). Krebs (1972) described a community as an assemblage of populations of living organisms in a prescribed area or habitat. However, according to Wright (1984), the working definitions of community can be divided into two basic categories: organismic or individualistic. The organismic approach contends that communities have discrete boundaries and that the sum of the species in an area behaves as organism with both structure and function. In contrast, the individualistic concept regards communities as collections of species requiring similar environmental conditions (Wright, 1984). A)Organismic versus individualistic distribution Solomon (2005) stated that the nature of communities is discussed based on two traditional views which are Clements’s organismic model and Gleason’s individualistic model. The organismic model views community as a superorganism that goes through certain stages of development (succession) toward adulthood (climax). In this view, biological interactions are primarily responsible for species composition, and organisms are highly interdependent. In contrast, according to individualistic model, abiotic environmental factors are the primary determinants of species composition in a community, and organisms are largely interdependent on each other. According to organismic concept it is expected that an entire community or biome will respond as a unit and to relocate as climatic conditions change. Pleistocene biome migration in response to multiple glaciations, the accordian effect, is a classic example of this model (Wright, 1984). In contrast, Wright (1984) further explained that the individualist expects each species experiencing similar climatic changes to respond independently and thus, the community composition of an area to change via both immigration and emigration of some individual taxa while others remain in the area. Communities are not stable under this model but recognize in response to changing local conditions. According to Clements’ organismic hypothesis, species that typically occupy the same communities should always occur together. Thus, their distributions along the gradient would be clustered in discrete groups with sharp boundaries between groups (Russell et al., 2011). In the 1920s, ecologists; Frederic Clements and Henry A. Gleason developed two extreme hypotheses about the nature of ecological communities (Russell et al., 2011). Clements championed an interactive (organismic) view describing communities as â€Å"superorganism† assemblages of species bound together by complex population interactions. According to this view, each species in a community requires interactions with a set of ecologically different species, just as every cell in an organism requires services that other types of cells provide. In contrast, Gleason proposed an alternative, individualistic view of ecological communities. He believed that population interactions do not always determine species composition. Instead, a community is just an assemblage of species that are individually adapted to similar environmental conditions.According to Gleason’s hypothesis, communities do not achieve equilibrium; rather, they constantly change in response to disturbance and environmental variation. According to Gleason’s individualistic hypothesis, each species is distributed over the section of an environmental gradient to which it is adapted. Different species would have unique distributions, and species composition would change continuously along the gradient. In other words, communities would not be separated by sharp boundaries. B)Stochastic Versus Equilibrium Schools The stochastic school believes that most communities exist in a state of equilibrium, where competitive exclusion principle is prevented by periodic population reductions and environmental fluctuations (Crawley, 1997). More generally, stochastic effects can cause a population to shift from one type of dynamic behavior to another (Turchin, 2003). In addition, stochastic school maintains that physical and temporal factors are dominant influences of community composition. This view argues that species abundance varies and is largely determined by differential responses to unpredictable environmental changes (Levin, 2009). In contrast, the equilibrium explanations assume that community composition represents the stable outcome of interspecific interactions (set of species abundances reached when the rates of change in population is zero) and also assume that the community will return to an equilibrium after those populations are perturbed (Verhoef, 2010). For instance, the traditional equilibrium model assumes that the probability of an individual fish larva surviving to reproduce is limited in a density-dependent manner by the abundance of the adult fish. Alternatively, stochastic model predicts that recruitment to the adult phase is independent of the density of the adults (Chapman et al., 1999). Equilibrium model states that species richness is entirely determined by ongoing immigration and extinction (Kricher, 2011). Therefore, equilibrium model can be said to be deterministic process which is important in shaping community structure through competition and predation on native species over short temporal scales (Thorp et al., 2008). For example, Chapman et al., (1999), stated that coral reefs communities are at equilibrium showing precise resource partitioning in response to the competition between the various fish species. However, in contrast, the community may also be more susceptible to stochastic processes. For example, the number of fish species on coral reefs is kept high largely by stochastic processes. According to Naiman et al., (2001), stochastic processes are unpredictable and operate in a relatively density-independent fashion. This is the opposite of the traditional, equilibrium hypothesis which emphasizes density dependent competition between species.

Self Directed Learning in Nursing

Self Directed Learning in Nursing Introduction Self-directed learning is important for the ongoing professional education for nurses. In its broadest meaning, â€Å"self-directed learning† (SDL) Explains a process by which individuals take the initiative, with or without the assistance of others, in analyzing and identifying their learning needs, creating learning goals, recognizing human and material educational resources, choosing and implementing appropriate learning strategies and evaluating learning outcomes. (M. Knowles, Principles of Androgogy, 1972). This is the reason that positive outcome for nurses to being self-regulated. This paper will argue that motivating nurse to be self-directed, plays an essential role in improving professional self-regulation in nursing education and the positive responses to motivational factors in accordance to self-directed learning. Background Nurses within the current health profession and education need motivation to be self-directed. Students are often motivated by a wide range of factors. According to statistical data evidently shown from Julie A. Regan has stated in response to students that motivation to SDL, student responded to 19 different aspects of statements about what motivates them towards self-directed learning (refer to appendix). The most outstanding result was that 100% (a quarter of 97%) of student respondents agreed that a good lecture motivated them to direct their own learning. This level of agreement was also redirected in the focus groups but it is acknowledged that students mentioned to any form of classroom activity as a lecture. Students in the focus groups were motivated by different factors, at different times and in different areas of the curriculum. Negative responses to motivational factors in regards to table 1, indicates a low level of disagreement with the motivation identified by the foc us groups. Thirty percent of students disagreed that strict tutors motivated them, which represents the highest level of disagreement. As only a small number of students had agreed with these statements, it may be argued that most were doubtful or misunderstood. This evidence applies to the level of motivation required, especially within the health care profession. Body 1 Motivation in relevance to self-directed learning is vital to nurses in order to overcome some difficult aspects of independent self-regulation. Two studies were conducted to prove that motivation is the key for student nurses to exceed. Student nurses were seeking feedback from their teachers but were unable to get good feedback, so it became upsetting and put more stress on students. Motivation is acknowledged as one of the most significant psychological concepts in education (Julie A. Regan, 2003, p.593–599) because of its well-established relationship to learning and performance outcomes, motivation in education has become of great interest to researchers (Julie A. Regan). Student centered approaches to teaching and learning are increasingly being adopted in nurse education and there is pressure to deliver programs with reduced classroom contact (Kenny Kendall, 2001, p. 648). It considers challenges to ensure new courses accommodate these approaches, at the same time as p romoting student motivation. Student motivation needs to be more advanced if teachers are attending to students but all that is required is to attend, not necessarily to participate or interact in any way. Therefore motivating students is part of the tutor’s role if they choose to adopt student-centered approaches to teaching and learning. (Entwistle, 1998) Traditionally this has not been the case and that motivation has been thought of as the responsibility of the student. It is suggested that this was the case in nurse education when it was assumed that such a ‘vocation’ would only attract self-motivated students. If this ever was the case, it is certainly not so today. Related studies prove that although two studies were published in 2001 which examined students perspectives of SDL, neither looked specifically at motivation in relation to SDL (Lunyk-Child et al. 2001; Hewitt-Taylor 2001). However, both studies found that a lack of specific guidance and feedbac k was frustrating for students and caused anxiety and distress. Students also found the inconsistency amongst tutors regarding the level of input they were willing to give in relation to SDL frustrating (Lunyk-Child et al. 2001; Hewitt-Taylor 2001). Feelings of frustration, anger and anxiety could affect motivation. Body2 In nursing self-regulation is important because a major function of education is the development of lifelong learning skills. After graduation from high school or college, young adults must learn many important skills informally. It is emphasizing the independence as well as it can be control by the individual who displays regulates actions toward goals of information acquisition, increasing skill, and self-improvement (Zimmerman, B.J. (2008). In particular in Nursing, self-regulated learners are aware of their academic weaknesses, strengths and they have a list of strategies as well as it can be properly apply to challenge the day-to-day tackle of academic tasks. In addition these learners hold incremental beliefs about intelligence and attribute their successes or failures to factors in their control (Zimmerman, B.J. (2008).Nurses need to have beliefs about intelligence and attribute because they can apply it upon demand and relate to tasks, becoming a self-regulated learner. It is successful because nurses can control their environment. They use this control by regulating their own actions toward their learning goals. http://buddymurr.edublogs.org/files/2009/05/adlt-601-best-work.pdf Self-directed learning readiness and nursing Body 3: Self-direct learning signify a readiness to learning ways to confront solve the problem in nursing environment. The result of these studies provides details which are relevant outfits for educator in human resources workers. â€Å"Learning readiness discusses to how likely a person is to seek out knowledge and participate in behavior change. Individuals go through various stages in order to adopt or maintain anew health behavior. In the pre-contemplative stage, the person is generally not aware of a problem or not ready to act. In the contemplative stage, the person is thinking about a change, but is not yet taking action. In the action stage, the person adopts a behavior change and is practicing it. In the maintenance stage, the person retains the new behavior as a result of reinforcement. â€Å"(Nacho ben2012) Exertlea As Zimmerman, B.J. (2008) has stated there are three important characteristics of self-regulated learning a nurse should have http://www.ifeet.org/motivation_in_nursing_management.html http://buddymurr.edublogs.org/files/2009/05/adlt-601-best-work.pdf appendix Zimmerman, B.J. (2008), Motivation and Self-Regulated Learning: Theory, Research, and Application (pp. 297–314). New York, NY: Routledge.

Slavery During the Enlightenment and the Frech Revolution :: History Historical Slaves Enlightenment Essays

There were many views of the issue of slavery during the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, and the resolution of slavery affected economics, politics, and social order. The slave trade triangle between Europe, west Africa, and the Indies has a great affect on European economics during this time. The only way for this elaborate trade triangle to work is if there were black Africans available for export to the Indies as slaves. If they were not available, then the landowners in the new world weren't able to produce the sugar, coffee, and tobacco for export to Europe, and the circuit broken. These African slaves were convenient, according to Guillaume Raynal (document 6), because they were thought to be more comfortable working in the hot conditions of the Indies, because they had originally come from a very hot climate in Africa. In order to make the best use of the land, more efficient workers would be needed, and hence the slaves. The issue of slavery has extensive impacts on French politics during the Enlightenment and the revolution. Many colonists and landowners were confused over the appliance of The Declaration of Rights of Man to slaves and blacks (document 13). If it did apply to them then slavery would be abolished, which (according to document 10) would cause the colonies to loose commerce, essentially destroying them because French colonists had only profits from their trade to live on. Those who were against slavery (documents 9, 15) used The Declaration of Rights of Man as their main source, in that it declared equal rights to all men, not just to white men. Slavery affected European society also in many ways. Generally, in terms of European society, most people were against slavery, on the grounds that African slaves were people too, and they deserved the same basic rights declared in The Declaration of the Rights of Man. Most suggested the question of why blacks only were enslaved, sighting that skin color made no difference in the person (document 7). Others, like Voltaire, said that the luxuries that Europe now enjoyed, like sugar, cocoa, coffee, and tobacco, were not really sufficient to gratify the enslavement Slavery During the Enlightenment and the Frech Revolution :: History Historical Slaves Enlightenment Essays There were many views of the issue of slavery during the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, and the resolution of slavery affected economics, politics, and social order. The slave trade triangle between Europe, west Africa, and the Indies has a great affect on European economics during this time. The only way for this elaborate trade triangle to work is if there were black Africans available for export to the Indies as slaves. If they were not available, then the landowners in the new world weren't able to produce the sugar, coffee, and tobacco for export to Europe, and the circuit broken. These African slaves were convenient, according to Guillaume Raynal (document 6), because they were thought to be more comfortable working in the hot conditions of the Indies, because they had originally come from a very hot climate in Africa. In order to make the best use of the land, more efficient workers would be needed, and hence the slaves. The issue of slavery has extensive impacts on French politics during the Enlightenment and the revolution. Many colonists and landowners were confused over the appliance of The Declaration of Rights of Man to slaves and blacks (document 13). If it did apply to them then slavery would be abolished, which (according to document 10) would cause the colonies to loose commerce, essentially destroying them because French colonists had only profits from their trade to live on. Those who were against slavery (documents 9, 15) used The Declaration of Rights of Man as their main source, in that it declared equal rights to all men, not just to white men. Slavery affected European society also in many ways. Generally, in terms of European society, most people were against slavery, on the grounds that African slaves were people too, and they deserved the same basic rights declared in The Declaration of the Rights of Man. Most suggested the question of why blacks only were enslaved, sighting that skin color made no difference in the person (document 7). Others, like Voltaire, said that the luxuries that Europe now enjoyed, like sugar, cocoa, coffee, and tobacco, were not really sufficient to gratify the enslavement

Magical Realism in Context: Analysis of A Very Old Man with Enormous Wi

Magical Realism in Context: Analysis of A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings      Ã‚   From the beginning of "A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings," the ordinary begins to confront the extraordinary. This short story by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, one of the most famous Latin American authors, was introduced to the world in 1955. By examining the "magical" and "realistic" elements of this short story, the theoretical term given to an emerging art form of the mid- twentieth century can be applied to a work of literature. Marquez does not waste time ushering in the "magical" elements of "A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings." The main character of the story, Pelayo, was coming back to his house after throwing away many crabs that had come into his house. Pelayo and his wife Elisenda thought that a stench from the many crabs was the cause of their daughter's fever. The whole world had been "sad," with the sky and sea turning to a "single ash-gray thing." As Pelayo returned from his task of removing the crabs from the courtyard, he noticed a moving and groaning presence in the rear of the courtyard. At first glance, this presence was perceived by Pelayo as just an old wanderer. Upon further examination, Pelayo noticed that there was one extraordinary feature to this man (Marquez 525). To him were attached huge buzzard wings, dirty and half-plucked. Pelayo looked at the old man closely and very soon overcame his surprise, in the end finding him quite familiar. He was able to arrive at this conclusion by noticing the strong sailor voice with which he spoke. Even though the "language" the old man spoke was incomprehensible to Pelayo, Pelayo concluded that the old man was a lonely castaway from some foreign ship wrecked by a storm. Seeking... ...t everyday life and the mundane, one gains new appreciation for his or her surroundings. He or she learns to view the world in a way that glorifies the mundane and breathes life into our natural surroundings. This mid-twentieth century art term can be applied not only to literature, but also to life. Works Cited Flores, Angel. "Magical Realism in Spanish American Fiction." Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community. Ed. Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris. Durham, N.C.: Duke UP, 1995: 109-117. Garcia Marquez, Gabriel. "A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings." The Norton Introduction to Literature. Ed. Jerome Beaty. N.Y.: W.W. Norton & Company, 1996: 525-529. Leal, Luis. Magical Realism in Spanish American Literature." Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community. Ed Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris. Durham, N.C.: Duke UP, 1995: 119-124.   

Lewis And Clark :: essays research papers fc

The Lewis and Clark expedition across the present day United States began May 14, 1804. With the approval of President Jefferson and the U.S. Congress, Lewis and Clark gathered an exploration party of about four dozen men. These men headed off to discover Western America. On September 1, 1805, they arrived at the Bitterroot Mountains, near present day Idaho. This began a nightmare that would not end until they reached modern-day Weippe. September 1, 1805, the explorers set out traveling west, heading into rough, seldom traveled, mountainous country. They stopped at today’s North Fork of the Salmon River, known as Fish Creek to Lewis and Clark, where they caught five fish, and were able to kill a deer (MacGregor 125). Some of the men’s feet and horse’s hooves were injured due to the rough, rocky terrain. The next day, they were entering mountains far more difficult to pass than any American had ever attempted (Ambros 284). Clark describes the route: "Throuâ⠂¬â„¢ thickets in which we were obliged to cut a road, over rocky hillsides where horses were in perpetual danger of slipping to their certain distruction and up and down steep hills†¦" (De Voto 232). Traveling along the steep hills, several horses fell. One was crippled, and two gave out. Patrick Gass described the trip that day as, "†¦the worst road (If road it can be called) that was ever traveled" (MacGregor 125). To make conditions even worse, it rained that afternoon, which made the trail even more treacherous. The party was only able to travel five miles that day. On September 3, snow fell and the team’s last thermometer broke. Several more horsed slipped and injured themselves. Later that day, the snow turned into sleet. The expedition family consumed the last of their salt pork and fish and began their descent into the Bitterroot Valley. That night, was the coldest yet. The next day, the party went down a very steep descent to a river that Le wis named, Clark’s River, (Today known as The Bitterroot River.) There, they encountered a band of Salish Indians, whom the captains called Flatheads. They stayed there with the Indians the next couple of days to trade. They acquired thirteen new Appaloosa Horses, including three colts, for seven worn out horses. The Salish Indians shared berries and roots with the men for their meals. On September 6, they set off traveling northward along the Bitterroot River for about ten miles.

Bible teacher Essay

There are many opinions about the book of Hebrews and a variety of responses. In order to recognize these, three people were interviewed to understand their impressions and how they generally understood the message of the book. A Bible teacher, a non-believer, and a friend who professes to be a believer were interviewed and these were the results. Mr. Edward Shim is a Bible teacher and informs us that Hebrews is about â€Å"the calling of Jesus as man’s Savior†. That He is â€Å"the complete author and provider of our salvation from sin. † According to Mr. Shim, â€Å"it explains the Son of God as the fulfillment of the symbolic tabernacle ceremonial system given to the ancient Israelites. The shedding of blood for the atonement of sin on a daily basis is replaced by the once and for all shedding of Jesus’ blood so that all those who believe through faith may be saved. We enter His rest by accepting Jesus’ death as salvation for our sins. Hebrews continues to support Jesus’ death as the valid and legitimate answer to sins’ demand of death. It concludes by calling all who accept his salvation to walk uprightly in spiritual maturity and growth. † He believes that no man, not even the pope, preacher, parent, or anyone can mediate between a person and God but Jesus Christ alone and that Christ’s death has â€Å"cleansed away the enmity between God and man. † Mr. Brian Starlin, a non-believer, says that he is not really familiar with the Book of Hebrews. All he says is that â€Å"there were men through whom God communicated. † Some of which were Moses and Noah, while Jesus was one of the more recent mediators. He adds further that â€Å"Christ’s sacrifice inspired a lot of people; helped push Christianity across the globe and still helps push it; and has led a lot of people toward a more moral and balanced life. † To Mr. Starlin, Hebrews is â€Å"an inspiring story about an important individual from the past, and it has influenced a lot of family members and friends,† so he respects what Christ’s influence has accomplished. Ms. Mishell Pang, on the other hand, is a friend who professes to be a believer. She says that the general message of the book is â€Å"of how Jesus is the ultimate high priest and no one can come to God except through Him. † She goes on to say that â€Å"Christ’s death cleansed every one of their sins,† and that accepting Jesus as savior and mediator to God is accepting God’s grace and forgiveness. The Book of Hebrews was written primarily for Christians who are undergoing persecution and discouragement. Its writer strives to strengthen the faith of believers in Christ by carefully explaining the superiority and finality of God’s revelation and redemption in Jesus Christ. He shows that God’s redemptive provisions under the old covenant have been fulfilled and made obsolete by Jesus’ coming, and the establishment of the new covenant though his atoning death. The writer hence, challenges readers to hold on to their confession of Christ until the end; to go on into spiritual maturity; and not to turn back to condemnation by abandoning faith in Jesus Christ. Both Mr. Shim and Ms.Pang basically understood the general message of the book which is about redemption in Christ Jesus; Mr. Starlin, on the other hand, honestly mentioned that he was not familiar with the Book of Hebrews. Nevertheless, it was noted that none directly mentioned an understanding of Christ as both genuine God and genuine man, but only about Christ’s sacrifice and what it has accomplished. Both Mr. Shim and Ms. Pang openly professed how much impact Christ’s sacrifice has touched them and how much they appreciate this sacrifice. They both claim that no one can come to God but through Christ alone. This assignment has helped me see and understand that though access to the Bible is now unlimited, there are still many who are not aware of its contents and message. It is sad to note that to some, its contents are mere stories and that Christ to them was just a man like the rest of God’s prophets and messengers and that they still have no knowledge about What Christ can do for them. This assignment has helped me realize how most of us are still spiritually hungry and how many among us are dying spiritually without proper knowledge of the Word.

Hotel Rwanda Essay

In the film Hotel Rwanda, the story of Paul Rusesabagina’s life is put on display. It opens with a scene with the characters Paul and Dube, a fictional character based on the Tutsi workers of the Milles Collines. Paul is discussing what â€Å"style† is to Dube; they proceed to drive to pick up supplies from Georges Rutaganda. Rutaganda is a businessman and the leader of the Interhamwe militia group responsible for the genocide. At first, Paul appears to be his friend, yet when Rutaganda asks Paul to join the Interhamwe, Paul refuses saying he is too busy. Immediately we see Paul is a good person who doesn’t want any trouble. Later, we find out why Paul doesn’t want to be a part of the Interhamwe; his wife and children are Tutsis. As the movie goes on, the Interhamwe get stronger and stronger as the political unrest is growing. Once the Hutu president’s plane is shot down, the Hutus begin to â€Å"cut the tall trees down† as the radio announce r explains. This was a sign to being the mass murdering of all Tutsi people, especially Tutsi children. Paul begins to worry about his own family’s safety and once their neighborhood gets attacked, he brings many people to the Milles Collines, where he works. Due to the Milles Collines being a five star hotel, Paul is worried he is lowering the standard of the hotel. At this point, Paul is trying to hide the fact that he is hiding Tutsi’s in the hotel. He is trying to keep the reputation to avoid suspicion from the Interhamwe rebels. Soon, however, the UN guards who have been assisting the Milles Collines with safety are being told to evacuate. They take with them all of the non-Rwandan peoples and leave the others left with no protection. There are many close calls with the Interhamwe and the refugees, but Paul avoids the conflicts by buying off the generals and bribing them for more time. The UN soldiers finally return with visas for many of the families to leave the country to escape persecution; however not all of the families could leave and it was a difficult process for Paul having to leave, not knowing the outcome of so many he had tried to help. At the last second, Paul decides to stay and help the others while leaving his family. The  Interhamwe find out that the UN are smuggling Tutsi refugees out and ambush them. The UN car ends up returning to the Milles Collines and does not help any of the refugees. Eventually, after another conflict with the Interhamwe, the refugees escape to the safe side of Rwanda with the UN soldiers. My overall impression of the movie was depressing, yet inspiring. The whole genocide itself was unbelievably cruel, but Paul’s actions to work against the genocide were so inspiring. It is very important to show the film Hotel Rwanda in Catholic Social Justice because during the genocide so many rights were taken away from those who had no say in the matter. At one point in the film, the character Jack Daglish, one of the journalists and photographers who filmed in Rwanda, asked one of the women if she was Hutu or Tutsi; she answered Hutu. The same encounter went on with another girl sitting right next to the Hutu woman, yet the other woman said she was Tutsi. The irony of those encounters is that both women looked like they could be twins. The Hutus and the Tutsis have no real differences. Another reason students should be watching this movie in Catholic Social Justice is that it teaches students to stand up for what is right. There were countless times in the movie where Paul could have denied refugees from entering or left with his family to save just them; but yet, he stayed and fought for what he knew was right. This is the definition of a hero and a role model for children everywhere. Over the course of the movie, many human rights were violated and abused. Firstly, and most importantly, the Tutsis right to life was taken away. They were brutally attacked, raped, tortured, and murdered simply for being a Tutsi. The Interhamwe did not care about anything besides exterminating the Tutsi population. Secondly, the Tutsi’s right to security was taken away. During the genocide, the Interhamwe came to a Tutsi’s house, ransacked it, lit it on fire, and proceeded to kill them with no intention, other than to kill. None of the Tutsis had any security whatsoever, and were always on the lookout for someone looking to kill them. Thirdly, the right to justice/free speech was clearly taken away. Not only did the Hutu rebel groups kill the Tutsis, they killed them for no reason. Over 90% of the Tutsi population were innocent bystanders who had never done anything wrong in their life,  yet because of prejudice and hatred, the Interhamwe killed 1 million people in 100 days. They killed 6-7 people per minute. That is the highest and fastest rate of any genocide taken place. Fourthly, the Tutsi’s right to property was taken. The Hutu rebel groups would destroy the Tutsi’s home, steal their goods, light their houses on fire, and murder the innocent people living there. The Tutsis had no freedom. And finally, the Tutsi’s spiritual rights were taken away. It didn’t matter what you did, how hard you cried, how much you begged, the Interhamwe were heatless beings who killed for fun. The Hutu rebel groups did not allow the Tutsis any spiritual rights, economic rights, or any rights at all. T hey killed whomever they saw and did it because they wanted too. Not only were human rights violated, but also the Themes of Catholic Social Justice were desecrated. The first theme, life and dignity of the human person, was obviously debased. To have over 1 million dead in 100 days is absolutely crazy! All humans are made in the likeness and image of God, therefore each should be treated with dignity and respect; however in the movie, the Interhamwe treat no one with dignity. The second theme, call to family, community and participation, was violated, but also upheld. God calls us to be social and to live within fellowship and community. God also explains that family is the most important thing in life because they teach us support. Obvious violations would be when the Interhamwe mercilessly kill child after child, parent after parent, without any regard to live in peace. But, this call is also upheld. Paul, his family, and his entire community live by this creed. They stick together through the deepest of times and are always there for each other even when they themselves have nothing to give. The third theme, option for the poor and vulnerable, has two sides to it again. God calls us to have a special place in our hearts for the poor and vulnerable. Clearly, the Interhamwe has no sympathy for any of the Tutsis, especially the poor and vulnerable. Paul, however, cares for those who cannot care for themselves. He helps the orphans when Madam Archer brings them to the hotel, he helps his neighbors seek shelter, and anyone else who need refuge during the time. The fourth theme, dignity of work and rights to work, was again, violated and upheld. From the Interhamwe perspective, they did not care who you were or what you did. If you were a Tutsi, you were a  cockroach who belonged dead. Despite this, however, Paul manages to keep the Milles Collines running and the hotel staff’s rights are upheld. God calls us to value the worker before we value work itself. When Paul becomes in charge, he values each and every worker handling each problem with grace and great leadership. The fifth and final theme is solidarity. God calls us to see everyone as your brother and sister’s keeper. The spirit of friendship and true community is the basis for a just world. Clearly, that is not the Interhamwe’s belief. They wanted to exterminate the entire Tutsi race and did not care how they did it. Paul and his community, over at the Milles Collines, cared for each other and worked together to stop this injustice from occurring. Despite the conditions they were in, the Hutu and Tutsi people who were living at the Milles Collines lived in harmony and worked together to defeat a common enemy. They worked together to ensure the common good- meaning that every person’s basic needs were met and their rights were respected. Although the Interhamwe violated every theme of Catholic Social Justice, Paul and his community upheld what God called us to do. Throughout the film, I was inspired in many ways. Paul’s ability to handle so many things being thrown at him was admirable. Although he broke down once, he handled it with the utmost grace and love. Not only did Paul try to ensure that every human’s basic rights, he also made sure that God’s call and the themes of Catholic Social Justice were also met. Paul Rusesabagina’s story is one of inspiration and courage. His story encourages me to get involved more so that people who don’t have a say will have their opinions voiced. Paul and his story will forever be remembered by many. Paul is not only a hero, but also a child of God.

The Social Construction of the Amish Community

Sociology 1101 The Amish Community, an Example of Social Construction The Amish culture qualifies as an example of social construction because it is a belief that has important consequences for a large group of people. The people of the Amish community have specific rules they must follow. They believe that the outside culture has a morally polluting effect and that it promotes pride, greed, immorality and materialism. Some of the Amish beliefs include the concept that God will judge them on how well they have obeyed the church rules during their lifetime and that contact with the â€Å"outside world† makes it harder to obey their rules.This is the reason for their extreme isolation. Even though the Amish culture believes that the â€Å"outside world† has a polluting effect on them and their children, there is a time within the Amish community that the parents throughout the community allow their children to participate in events and activities that they usually wouldnà ¢â‚¬â„¢t be allowed to participate in. This time is referred to as Rumspringa. Rumspringa is also referred to as â€Å"running around† This is the term used to describe the period of adolescence Amish experience starting at around the age of sixteen.The parents of the children who choose to participate in this opportunity feel that their children cannot be shunned from the Amish community because they are not yet baptized and they are not yet under the authority of the church. Rumspringa helps the young adults to choose whether they want to join the church or not. The young adults can choose to join a youth group on the weekends usually. These different youth groups have different activities or events they participate in. There are two main groups; one considered the slower or plainer group and the other considered the faster group.The slower groups participates in activities such as volleyball games, and singing groups and are even sometimes supervised by adults while the fa ster group participates in parties and other activities considered less conservative. Although most people seem to think that the youth who participate in these groups are participating in heavy partying, drug use, premarital sex or other extreme behaviors this is usually not the case although these are not unheard of throughout the faster youth groups. The Amish community serves as an example of social construction because the ideas of this culture are passed along by xplaining each aspect of the community through personal interactions and friendships, people begin to believe these strict aspects are what are to be expected because so many other people of the Amish community are believing them and practicing them. Then the strict aspects of the Amish culture are eventually accepted and passed down from generation to generation. â€Å"The Amish people are direct descendants of the Anabaptists of the sixteenth century Europe. Anabaptism is the religion that came about during the ref ormation era.The term Anabaptist first started out as a nickname that meant re-baptizer, because this group rejected the idea of infant baptism, since an infant doesn’t yet have the knowledge of good and evil. The Anabaptists were seen as a threat to Europe’s religious and social institutions and were therefore persecuted. † The idea of Rumspringa first begins because of this specific aspect of the Amish culture, the belief that their children cannot be shunned by the Amish community because they are not old enough to know the difference between good and evil.This then allows the people of the Amish community to consider what the specific age of knowing good from evil is and then they present the specific idea of Rumspringa to the Amish culture. The Amish community passed through the three phases of Berger and Luckmann’s analysis by first; externalizing the ideas of the culture by putting an explanation of the ideas â€Å"out there† The Amish commun ity first presented the idea of Rumspringa to the entire community when they felt that their young adults should have a choice whether or not they wanted to continue to practice the Amish believes and pass them down to their children.Although it may seem that this act of Rumspringa is going completely against what the Amish community believes, the Amish parents do not encourage their youth to leave home and participate in sinful behaviors but they feel there must be at least some room for free choice in the decision to become Amish. Rumspringa was also explained as the time the Amish community allowed their young adult children to participate in youth groups that would lead them to finding a spouse and if this happened and the two young adults decided to get married their time of Rumspringa was over and they were now to be baptized.The second phase they passed their belief through is objectivation. This is the most crucial phase of construction. The strict rules of the Amish communi ty led the people of the Amish community to believe that being exposed to the outside world would pollute their minds. But, when the idea of Rumspringa was first put out there for people to consider, it showed that this would allow their children to participate in activities and groups that they were not usually allowing them too.At first the people of the Amish community felt this idea was crazy, but after it was explained that their children would not be shunned from the community because they had not yet been baptized and were not yet under the authority of the church and that their young adult children needed free choice in whether or not to continue the practices of the Amish culture, people began to really consider this idea. Many Amish families decided this was a good idea and began to practice this new belief.They felt this could actually help their family continue from generation to generation. The third phase of Berger and Luckmann is the phase of internalization. This new ly introduced belief of the Amish community was spreading quickly and more and more people began practicing this belief. More people of the Amish community began to involve this belief into their everyday lives because they felt this could lead their children to marriage and then they would soon be baptized and be considered under the authority of the church.People of the Amish community had children and has these children grew up they were introduced to the idea of Rumspringa and as these children grew into adults and had their own children they passed down the belief to their children and eventually the belief of Rumspringa throughout the Amish culture was now passed down from generation to generation religiously. Even though the idea of Rumspringa was doubted when it was first presented to the Amish community, the people of the Amish community began to actually consider the aspects of this new idea and realize this could help their children and even their families for generations .This is how the beliefs of the Amish community passed through the third phase of Berger and Luckmanns reality of construction. I believe that the beliefs of the Amish community could either be effectively challenged or accepted depending on the person who is examining and judging the culture. The Amish culture thoroughly explains each aspect of their culture and why they participate in each aspect. They have specific background information on why they now accept the idea of Rumspringa.I feel he Amish culture could also be effectively challenged because, even though the Amish culture presents their ideas of Rumspringa and explains that they feel this certain period of time in their children’s lives could effectively alter their lives for the better, this time doesn’t actually let their children move outside the community or even the home. The young adults of the Amish community don’t actually get to experience what it is like to live in a house where there is te levision or dress differently or even eat food they have never tried before.I feel the period of Rumspringa should be widened completely. The young adults should be able to spend six months to year physically living and working in a whole different world and this would actually allow them to make a completely honest choice about whether to join the Amish community church without the heavy influence of their parents. I feel this would effectively allow the young adults experience Rumspringa.

MGT test study guide

We want to understand what operations managers do. 4. MM is such a costly part of an organization What MM People Do: Planning, Staffing, Leading & Controlling Goods vs.. Services: Manufacturers produce tangible product, services often intangible, Operations activities often very similar, Distinction not always clear, few pure services.Productivity units Produced/lineups used, Measure of process improvement, represents output relative to Input, Only through productivity Increases can our standard of living improve. Multi-Factor Productivity: Output/Labor * Materials *Energy* Capital *Miscellaneous. Also known as total factor productivity, outputs & inputs often expressed in dollars, multiple resources units multi-factor productivity. Chapter 2: Global View Of Operations: Reduce costs, Improve supply chain, Provide better goods & services, understand markets, Learn to improve operations, Attract & retain global Allen.Tangible 0 Intangible reasons. Mission & Strategy: M: Where the organ ization is going, Organizational purpose for being, Provides boundaries & focus. S: How the organization will get there, functional areas have strategies; strategies exploit opportunities & strengths, neutralize threats & avoid weaknesses. Strategies for Competitive Advantage: Differentiation: Better or at least different, Cost Leadership: Cheaper, Response: Rapid Reposes.Competing in D: uniqueness can go beyond OTOH the physical characteristics & service attributes to encompass everything that impacts customers perception of value Competing In C: Provide the maximum values as perceived by customer, doesn't Imply low quality. Competing on R: Flexibility: Matching market changes in design innovation & volumes, reliability is meeting schedules, timeliness is quickness in design, production & delivery. Business vs.. Operations Strategy: Strategy Development: Product Design Is a business Issue, have to design the product well In order to sell It make money off of It.

Price Ceiling and Price Floor Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Price Ceiling and Price Floor - Research Paper Example Defined in the simplest of terms, price controls can be defined as the definition of a certain maximum or minimum level of the prices by the Government at which a good will be available in the market. The two most basic level of price control mechanisms undertaken by the Government are Price Ceiling and Price Floor. The Price Ceiling is the maximum price at which a good can be sold in the market whereas Price Floor is the minimum price at which the good will be sold in the market. While price Ceiling is generally meant to save consumer interest, the price floor is intended towards saving the interest of the supplier. Price Ceilings can be categorized into two types: Binding Price ceilings are the one which is at a level lower than the equilibrium price and hence has a significant impact on the market equilibrium. Non-binding price ceilings are set at a level higher than the equilibrium level. Examples of price ceiling include setting up rent control in New York, while the setting of minimum wages is an example of a price floor. Price floors are often imposed during crises like wars, droughts or natural disasters. Price floors are generally set for agricultural products to save the interest of the farmers. Indonesia, where more than 20% of the population is below the poverty line, Government takes active participation in controlling the prices. In order to curb inflation, the Government of Indonesia has time and again imposed control on the price of rising. The price control is also aimed at helping farmers. Prior to this, the Government had imposed price controls on cement because of the strategic nature of the industry. The Government set a maximum retail price at which cement could be sold and allocated production and distribution quotas amongst all the players.  

The cases of Maryland v. King and Florida v. Harris Essay

The cases of Maryland v. King and Florida v. Harris - Essay Example In such scenarios, I believe that the overall circumstances must be considered in totality instead of referring to different legal provisions in isolation and verifying compliance with them. It is also vital that the final decision becomes source of benefit for the maximum number of stakeholders involved and doesn’t breach the universally accepted rights. This paper discusses similar two cases, elaborating on legal facts of the case and arguments presented by different courts. It includes my critical evaluation of the two cases where I strongly agreed or disagreed to either court’s decisions, concurring opinions or dissenting judgments. Case 1 – Maryland v. King: Agreement This began in 2003 when a masked man named Alonzo King raped a woman in Maryland and escaped, not to be found until in 2009, when he got arrested and was identified during a DNA cheek swab test as part of routine search procedures. DNA sample matched the previous one from rape case and hence th e criminal was charged with former offences as well. Subsequently, King went into the Circuit Court to hold that the authorities were not entitled, as per Fourth Amendment Rules, to evade his privacy and conduct routine search on him and therefore any evidence drawn during the course of such procedures shall be invalid and cannot be held in the court of law. The court disagreed and continued to penalize him with life sentenced imprisonment with no allowance of parole. However, eventually Court of Appeals of Maryland agreed to notion presented by King and disregarded the conviction placed on him. In event of disagreement, the Supreme Court intervened and declared King as guilty as there is no violation of Fourth Amendment requirements. Justice Roberts, Thomas, Breyer and Alito gave concurrence that it doesn’t constitute to invasion of privacy while Justice Scalia, Sotomayor, Ginsburg and Kagan gave dissenting opinion that DNA test is too specific and advanced to be considered as a routine procedural check and is only executed when there is a preconceived suspicion on an individual (Supreme Court of the United States, 2013a). I agree with the court’s final decision in this case as it seems most appropriate, legitimate and socially correct. Firstly, nature and duration cheek swab test is so minor that it cannot be considered to be a source of privacy intrusion. Secondly, it is essential to consider the end-results to any incidence. In this case, the DNA test eventually generated favorable results by identifying a criminal that was long lost and roaming free in our society. Thus, this decision also indirectly benefits our community by keeping its interests safe from such escaped criminals. DNA test is merely a method used for crosschecking an identity so it can be stored in database for subsequent retrieval and can also be used to generate past criminal history of the guilty individual. Additionally, the Fourth Amendment rules cannot be stated to hav e been breached if any check or search has been conducted in pure good faith with no biased intentions. Obviously, it is difficult to prove good faith but overall circumstances, as in this case, give clear cues regarding the reasons behind the test being conducted. Therefore, in light of the above arguments, I believe that court’s decision was legally as well as ethically correct and furthermore, I would strongly recommend that regulatory authorities must use lessons from such instances to adjust legal provisions and include DNA testing practice in standard routine search procedures as it does atleast no harm to the society as a whole, if not

Assignment- Drowning in a Sea of Information Essay

Assignment- Drowning in a Sea of Information - Essay Example computers. While information overload is certainly a reality, artificial intelligence and other mechanisms which allow the sorting and prioritization of information can help in reducing this burden. In essence, the problem is to develop such systems which are as intelligent or perhaps more intelligent than human beings. The business side of the problem of information overload can be handled through data mining and the application of relevance which allow companies and business professional to decide which information is important and which is not. At the present time in the field of artificial intelligence, it is reasonable to say that while some AI systems mimic human intelligence, there is no system in the world which surpasses a human in all aspects of thought, intelligence or even social interaction. However, it is also plausible to say that the rate of development of current machines means that at some point the future, there will certainly be a time when AI based systems become more intelligent than the humans who created them in the first place. Kurzweil’s The Age of Spiritual Machines (1999) presents a very detailed look at the future of artificial intelligence in terms of where they are going and what can be expected of them in coming decades. He focuses on machine intelligence and shows that the evolution of machines has taken a similar path to the evolution of biological creatures but at a much more accelerated pace. Kurzweil describes how computational and processing power has grown exponentially in the past and records were broken as expectations were shattered. For instance, it was once thought that no computer would ever be able to beat a grand master champion at chess but the best human player in the world has been defeated by a computer specifically created for that purpose. For machines which are specifically created to handle

Risk analysis related to information security and infrastructure Research Paper

Risk analysis related to information security and infrastructure protection - Research Paper Example ectives and goals of performing a risk analysis on infrastructure and security protection, the target audience for whom a risk analysis is performed, the steps necessary for performing a risk analysis including assessment and evaluation, threats and cost-effective security measures, the types of securities to be included in a risk analysis for recommendation purposes, and how to mitigate a security threat and address it accordingly. Risk analysis on infrastructure and security is can be performed at various levels and many degrees of detail. Risk analysis reports can cover every business aspect. Risk analysis may be performed by both big and small organizations, and even individuals. Informal decision making follows not a comprehensive step of an elaborate risk analyses. There is no clear standard in making decision on where to draw the line on depth of analysis of risk. The process of risk analysis illustrates that there is no particular, one solution to security, and therefore the required attempts and efforts to have all risks eliminated would overwhelm organizations. However, all identified relevant factors to an organization needs to be weighed in order to have a particular acceptable risk level that can be matched to the strategy of risk management. Risk analysis hence involves anticipating the most probable outcome and allocating the resources available in order to address that outcome (Hollinger, 1997). The objectives and goals of performing a risk analysis on infrastructure and security protection are to identify and determine threats to infrastructure and security, and to provide recommendations that address the identified threats. Another goal and objective may be to protect individual components such as hardware, software, and other connected devices. Although it may be easy to replace a hard drive, the information content may be irreplaceable and therefore loss may be a catastrophe to an organization. The target audience for whom a risk analysis is

Medicine, Ethics and the Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Medicine, Ethics and the Law - Essay Example Finally conclusions were arrived at based on the findings of the work. This work establishes that the courts have not accorded importance to ethical principles, while providing their rulings on euthanasia cases. Medical law can be regarded as a melange that derives its basis from several branches of the law. Previously the correlation betwixt medicine and law had been characterised by mutual deference. In the past, medical decisions were considered to be the exclusive preserve of the clinicians.1 Currently, the courts have been willing, to a greater extent, to entertain challenges to the decisions taken by the members of the medical profession. As such, in Chester v Afshar,2 Steyn LJ declared that paternalism had no room in medical law. At the same time, the doctors were also grateful and relieved that the courts were resolving cases involving intricate issues of ethics.3 As such, judicial activism has made inroads into the ethical issues surrounding the cases pertaining to euthanasia. With regard to assisted dying, the British Medical Association espouses the following principles. First, doctors should help the patients to obtain a good death; however, such acts have to comply with the law. Second, the patients should be permitted to control the dying process, to the extent possible, and the attending doctors have to admit the views of the patients.4 Third, the autonomy accorded to patients, albeit, important, cannot ride roughshod over other principles, and it is indispensable to arrive at an appropriate balance. Fourth, the personal choices of individuals should not be permitted to cause harm to others. Fifth, the law precludes the deliberate causing of premature death. In this context, the British Medical Association, firmly believes that the intentional causing of death is contrary to the ethos of medicine. Sixth, there is a basic difference between deliberately causing death, and withdrawing or withholding treatment.5 As such,

Quality management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Quality management - Assignment Example Hence, it is important that clear decisions are made. But clear decisions cannot just be made literally. Clear decision making is done with the help of various means. In this case, the design of experiments as learnt in this course is one means through which clear decision making can be done. It avails the evidence, the observations, the conclusions and the factual evidence that is needed in decision making. This paper looks at how the design of experiments is involved in decision making in industrial settings, how it is involved in decision making for the purposes related to quality management and why, how, when it is done and its association with cost benefit analysis. From an industry perspective, it is evident that the competition amongst industries is stiff at all levels of competition. This coupled with the fast changing technological techniques for use in industries adds the pressure on industries to make decisions that are certain, based on evidence and facts. As learnt in this unit, the design of experiments is a vital decision making tool for evidences. As per the research conducted when undertaking the assignments, it was evident that one of the aims of industries is to locate the best possible production level. This was by taking all the factors involved in the production process into account and designing an experiment that would help the industry’s management to make the right decision on which factors to make use of. The DOE enables industries to come up with an appropriate model for production by utilizing the data of the factors obtained. This is part of the decision making process of industries. It was learnt that industries design experiments that include one to several factors that they think will have an effect on a response variable to evaluate if the said factors truly have an effect on the response variable. In industries, the decision making process involved the carrying out of experiments in a