Biology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biology - Research Paper ExampleThe genetic fortune occurs because of the combined effect of mutated genes. The environmental factor is the lack of vitamins particularly folate during early pregnancy.Checkpoints in a cell vibration are meant for the regulation for the proliferation of the cells. These checkpoints are basically present in the G1 and S manikin of the cell cycle. The role of these checkpoints is to check for any deoxyribonucleic acid damage or other problem in the cell before proceeding in to the cell cycle. The reason behind this is to either correct the DNA damage or if it cannot be repaired to move the cell towards apoptosis. The tumor suppressor genes code for proteins which are gnarly in the repair of the discredited DNA in the cell cycle and initiation of apoptosis if the damaged DNA cannot be repaired to prevent the formation of ab rule cells. The proto-oncogenes act by stimulating the cell cycle by the formation of transcriptions factors which are responsib le for the function of genes and by forming intercommunicate transducers which are responsible for the stimulation responsible for the initiation of the cell cycle.Signal transduction is involved in the passing of signals to the nucleus of the cell for ingrained processes which include replication and transcription. Signal transduction occurs by the binding of a molecule to a receptor which whitethorn be located on the cell membrane or within the cell. This molecule carries signals and activates the receptor and brings nigh changes in the cell by sending signals which may lead to transcription. Increased signal transduction can answer from mutations in genes that code for systems involved in carrying out signal transduction. This can lead to cancer because if signal transduction increases, the cells replicate and transcribe at a higher rate and are not under the normal regulatory control.Children suffering from Down syndrome have very high chances of developing leukemia. Also p atients who have leukemia on with Down syndrome have a